environmentn.B1
环境
protect the environment · the natural environment
We should protect the environment.
我们应该保护环境。
学完能做到
- 谈论如果…就…的因果
- 读懂公园/景区规则
词汇 core 12 · expansion 14 · chunks 4
核心词 core
pollutionn.B1
污染
air pollution · water pollution
Air pollution is bad for our health.
空气污染对我们的健康有害。
recyclev.B1
回收，再利用
recycle bottles · recycle paper
We recycle all our plastic bottles.
我们把所有塑料瓶都回收。
rubbishn.A2
垃圾
throw away rubbish · pick up rubbish
Please do not leave rubbish in the park.
请不要在公园里留下垃圾。
wasten./v.B1
废物；浪费
reduce waste · waste water
We should not waste water.
我们不应该浪费水。
protectv.B1
保护
protect the environment · protect wildlife
We need to protect the forest.
我们需要保护森林。
plantv.A2
种植
plant trees · plant flowers
We can plant trees to help the environment.
我们可以种树来帮助环境。
treen.A2
树
plant a tree · cut down trees
Trees give us oxygen.
树木给我们提供氧气。
forestn.A2
森林
in the forest · protect forests
The forest is home to many animals.
森林是许多动物的家。
wildlifen.B1
野生动物
protect wildlife · wildlife park
The wildlife in this area is beautiful.
这个地区的野生动物很美。
clean upphr.v.B1
清理，打扫干净
clean up the beach · clean up after a picnic
We clean up the park every Sunday.
我们每个周日都打扫公园。
energyn.A2
能源，能量
save energy · solar energy
We should save energy at home.
我们应当在家里节约能源。
扩展词库 expansion
littern.B1
乱扔的垃圾
drop litter · a litter bin
binn.A2
垃圾桶
put something in the bin · a recycling bin
plasticn./adj.A2
塑料；塑料的
plastic bags · plastic bottles
reusev.B1
重复使用
reuse old clothes · reuse shopping bags
reducev.B1
减少
reduce waste · reduce pollution
harmfuladj.B1
有害的
harmful chemicals · harmful to animals
planetn.B1
行星（常指地球）
save the planet · our planet
atmospheren.B1
大气层
the Earth's atmosphere · pollute the atmosphere
oxygenn.B1
氧气
produce oxygen · breathe oxygen
rainforestn.B1
热带雨林
the Amazon rainforest · protect rainforests
rivern.A2
河流
by the river · a long river
oceann.A2
海洋
the Pacific Ocean · ocean life
mountainn.A2
山
climb a mountain · a mountain range
countrysiden.A2
乡村，田野
in the countryside · beautiful countryside
词块 / 生存短语 chunks
protect the environment保护环境
Everyone should try to protect the environment.
每个人都应该尽力保护环境。
save energy节约能源
Remember to turn off the lights to save energy.
记得关灯以节约能源。
throw away rubbish扔掉垃圾
Do not throw away rubbish in the street.
不要在街上乱扔垃圾。
look after the environment爱护环境
We must look after the environment for the future.
我们必须为了未来爱护环境。
语法 语言升级点
First Conditional (if + present simple, will + base verb)B1
表示在某个条件下很可能会发生的将来事件及其结果
If + 一般现在时，will + 动词原形
用 if 从句描述一个可能发生的条件（一般现在时），主句用 will 表达该条件导致的结果。注意 if 从句中不用 will。常用来谈论环境相关话题的结果，如：如果我们做……，就会……。
例句
If we plant more trees, the air will be cleaner.
如果我们种更多树，空气会更干净。
If you throw rubbish on the ground, the park will be dirty.
如果你把垃圾扔在地上，公园会变脏。
常见错误
✗ If it will rain, we will stay home. → ✓ If it rains, we will stay home.
在 if 从句中应该用一般现在时，而不能用 will。
↑ 提分：再高一档可替换为 unless（如果不）、as long as（只要）等更多样的条件连词，使表达更丰富。
Using 'so' to show resultB1
表示因果关系中的「结果」
句子，so + 句子
so 连接两个分句，前一分句说明原因，后一分句说明由此产生的结果。要注意 so 与 because 的区别：because 后面接「原因」，so 后面接「结果」。本课环境话题中用来表达个人行动的理由与结果。
例句
I want to help the environment, so I recycle my rubbish.
我想帮助环境，所以我回收垃圾。
The park was full of litter, so we cleaned it up.
公园里到处都是垃圾，所以我们清理了它。
常见错误
✗ It was raining, because we stayed inside. → ✓ It was raining, so we stayed inside.
下雨是原因，待在室内是结果，应当用 so 连接，不能用 because。
↑ 提分：再高一档可换用 therefore、as a result 等更正式的连接词，提高写作的衔接得分。
阅读 Reading notice
Green Park Rules
Welcome to Green Park! Please read these rules carefully.
1. Put all your rubbish in the bins. Do not leave litter on the ground.
2. Keep dogs on a lead at all times.
3. No fires or barbecues anywhere in the park.
4. Please do not pick flowers or plants.
5. Children under 12 must be with an adult.
6. Cycling is allowed only on the cycle path near the river.
Thank you for helping us look after the park!
bins垃圾桶lead（牵狗用的）绳子或皮带barbecues烧烤cycle path自行车道
TFNG1.Visitors can use the bins for their rubbish.
✅ TRUE — 第一条规则说 Put all your rubbish in the bins，所以可以用垃圾桶。
TFNG2.Dogs can run free anywhere in the park.
✅ FALSE — 第二条说 Keep dogs on a lead at all times，必须一直拴住，不能随意奔跑。
TFNG3.You are allowed to have a small fire if it is not a hot day.
✅ NOT GIVEN — 第三条只说 No fires or barbecues，没有提到天冷就可以生火。
MCQ4.What is NOT allowed in the park?
- A walking dogs on a lead
- B picking flowers
- C putting rubbish in bins
✅ B — 第四条明确说请勿摘花，其他两项都是允许的。
gap_fill5.Cycling is only allowed on the ___ near the river.
✅ cycle path — 最后一条规则提及只能在沿河的自行车道上骑行。
💡 技巧：判断题（TFNG）先在原文中寻找与题目关键词匹配的句子。若信息完全一致则为 TRUE，矛盾则为 FALSE，若根本没提到相关内容则为 NOT GIVEN。读规则类文章时，重点关注禁止、允许、必须等指令词。
听力 Listening Section 1 · UK
情景：一个人打电话向公园信息中心了解开放时间和规则（Section 1 生活对话）
Staff
Hello, Green Park Information. How can I help?
Caller
Hi, I’d like some information about the park, please.
Staff
Of course. What would you like to know?
Caller
What time does the park open and close?
Staff
It’s open every day from 8 in the morning until 8 in the evening.
Caller
Great. Are there any rules I should know about?
Staff
Yes, a few. Please put all your litter in the bins, and dogs must be on a lead.
Caller
Can I have a picnic there?
Staff
Yes, picnics are fine, but please clean up after yourself.
Caller
OK. Is there a playground for children?
Staff
Yes, there’s a small playground near the main entrance.
Caller
Thank you very much.
gap_fill1.The park is open from 8 a.m. to ___ p.m.
✅ 8 — 工作人员说 from 8 in the morning until 8 in the evening，因此关门时间是晚上8点。
MCQ2.Which rule is mentioned in the call?
- A No running
- B No fires
- C No picnics
✅ B — 对话中明确说 no fires or barbecues，对应 B 选项。
gap_fill3.There is a playground near the ___ entrance.
✅ main — 工作人员回答 a small playground near the main entrance。
gap_fill4.Visitors should ___ up after having a picnic.
✅ clean — 工作人员提醒 please clean up after yourself。
💡 技巧：Section 1 对话常包含简单的数字（时间）和名词信息。听前先快速浏览问题，预判空格可能填数字、地点或动作。听时注意同义改写，如 open from...to 等同于问题中的 from...to。
写作 Writing Task 2 (essay) · 目标 200 词
Many people say they care about the environment, but they do not change their behaviour. Why is this? What can individuals do to help protect the environment?
People often say they care about the environment, but they do not always act on their words. There are some reasons for this. First, many people are very busy with work and family, so they do not think about the environment every day. Second, making eco-friendly changes sometimes needs money or time, and people do not want to spend them. For example, buying a reusable bag or using public transport may seem small, but some find it less convenient.
However, individuals can do many simple things to help. They can recycle their rubbish at home, like paper, glass and plastic. They can also save energy by turning off lights when they leave a room. Another good idea is to use fewer plastic bags and bring their own bags when they shop. If everyone does a little, the environment will be better. Also, we can plant trees in our gardens or local areas, which is good for the air and wildlife.
In conclusion, people do not act because they are busy or find changes hard, but small actions can make a big difference if we all join in.
逐句标注
衔接“Many people are very busy with work and family, so they do not think about the environment every day.”使用本课学的连接词 so 自然地引出结果。
语法“If everyone does a little, the environment will be better.”正确运用 first conditional，语法准确且切合环境主题。
词汇“They can recycle their rubbish at home, like paper, glass and plastic.”运用了本课核心词汇 recycle, rubbish 等，话题词汇恰当。
任务“Also, we can plant trees in our gardens or local areas, which is good for the air and wildlife.”提出具体可行的个人行动建议，完全回应题目要求。
🎯 本档语言特征：全文以简单句和并列句为主，少量 because/so/if 连接；时态限于一般现在和将来简单式；词汇多为 A2-B1 环境核心词，拼写正确；覆盖了原因及措施所有要点，论点清晰。整体接近 band 5，是 4.5 学员可模仿的目标。
↑ 再上一档：再往上一档，可加入更多具体例子（如具体能源节约数据）、更丰富的连接词（furthermore, for instance），并尝试用更高频的学术词汇（如 beneficial, impact），但仍需保持语法基本无误。
口语 Speaking
Part 1
Q: Do you like spending time in nature?
Yes, I do. I enjoy walking in the forest or near a river. It makes me feel relaxed.
💡 简单回答是/否，接着用 like/enjoy 表达喜好，并用一个理由（relaxed）使之丰富。
Q: Is there a park near your home?
Yes, there is a small park about ten minutes from my house. I sometimes go there to run or sit under the trees.
💡 用 there is... 描述存在，并给出距离和个人活动，展示一点细节。
Q: What do you do to help the environment?
I recycle paper and plastic at home. I also try to save water when I wash up.
💡 使用本课词汇 recycle/save water，同时展现两个简单行动，符合 Part 1 延展要求。
Part 2 · 提示卡
Describe a natural place that you like (e.g. a park, a beach, a forest). You should say: - where it is - what it looks like - what you can do there - and explain why you like it.
I want to talk about Green Park, which is near my city centre. It is not very big, but it has many tall trees and a small lake. There is a path where people can walk or cycle. The grass is green and there are always flowers in spring. I can go for a walk, have a picnic with friends, or just sit and read a book. I like it because it is quiet and I can see birds and squirrels there. The air feels fresh, and it is a good place to relax after work or study. If I have free time on weekends, I often go there. I think everyone needs a place like this to be close to nature.
💡 按提示卡顺序逐一描述：地点 → 样子 → 活动 → 感受。用简单现在时和 there is/are 来描绘，最后用 if 条件句点出喜欢的原因。多说一点个人感受能让内容更自然。
Part 3
Q: Why is it important to protect natural places?
Natural places are important because they give us clean air and water. They are also home to many animals and plants. If we destroy them, the environment will get worse, and we will lose those things.
💡 给出两三个理由（空气、水、动植物），再使用 if 条件句说明后果，展示本课语法。
Q: What can schools do to teach children about the environment?
I think schools can do a lot. They can have lessons about nature and recycling. They can also take children to parks or forests so they learn to love nature. For example, my school had a day when we all planted trees.
💡 用 so 连接结果，举自身例子使回答更具体，整体保持在简单句范围内。
高频短语
get close to nature — 亲近大自然
go for a walk in the park — 去公园散步
It makes me feel relaxed. — 它让我感到放松。
If we all do a little, it will help. — 如果我们都做一点点，就会有帮助。
应试策略
4.5 档最重要的是「答对、答全」：阅读听力抓住关键词（rules、时间、地点）；写作 Task 2 务必把题目两个问题都回答到，用简单句表达清晰，活用本课学的 if...will 和 so；口语每个问题争取说 2-3 句，主动加上 because/so 的理由，避免只蹦单词。
本档提分建议
从 4.5 到 5.5，最快的提分路径：① 在口语和写作中多用刚学的 first conditional 和 so，让考官看到你在有意识地使用连接手段；② 减少常见的拼写和单复数错误；③ 写作时确保每个段落都有一个清晰的中心意思，哪怕句子简单，逻辑不能乱。