communityn.B1
社区
local community · community centre
The library is a popular meeting place for the local community.
图书馆是当地社区一个受欢迎的聚会场所。
学完能做到
- 写立场明确的 agree/disagree 议论文
- 预判并反驳对立观点
词汇 core 14 · expansion 18 · chunks 6
核心词 core
volunteerv./n.B1
志愿（者）
volunteer work · a volunteer
Many students do volunteer work during the summer.
许多学生在暑假期间做志愿工作。
contributev.B2
贡献
contribute to society · make a contribution
Everyone should be encouraged to contribute to their community.
应该鼓励每个人为他们的社区做贡献。
charityn.B1
慈善机构
a charity event · work for a charity
The charity provides food and shelter for the homeless.
这家慈善机构为无家可归者提供食物和住所。
homelessadj.B1
无家可归的
the homeless · a homeless shelter
The number of homeless people has increased in many cities.
许多城市无家可归者的数量增加了。
elderlyadj.B1
年长的
the elderly · elderly people
We should look after the elderly in our society.
我们应该照顾社会中的老年人。
socialadj.B1
社会的
social issues · social responsibility
Unemployment is a serious social issue.
失业是一个严重的社会问题。
inequalityn.B2
不平等
social inequality · income inequality
The government wants to reduce income inequality.
政府想要减少收入不平等。
welfaren.B2
福利
welfare system · child welfare
The welfare system supports families in need.
福利制度为有需要的家庭提供支持。
donatev.B1
捐赠
donate money · make a donation
Many people donate clothes to charity shops.
许多人把衣服捐给慈善商店。
fundraisev.B2
筹款
fundraise for a cause · a fundraising event
The school is fundraising for new sports equipment.
学校正在为新的体育器材筹款。
supportv./n.B1
支持
support a cause · financial support
Many local businesses support community projects.
许多当地企业支持社区项目。
obligationn.B2
义务
a moral obligation · have an obligation
Some people feel a moral obligation to help others.
有些人觉得帮助他人是一种道德义务。
compulsoryadj.B2
强制性的
compulsory education · compulsory service
Education is compulsory for children between 5 and 16.
5到16岁的儿童必须接受义务教育。
扩展词库 expansion
optionaladj.B2
可选择的
optional courses · an optional extra
schemen.B2
计划、方案
a government scheme · a training scheme
initiativen.B2
倡议
a community initiative · take the initiative
encouragev.B1
鼓励
encourage participation · strongly encourage
participationn.B2
参与
active participation · increase participation
raise awarenessv.phr.B2
提高意识
raise awareness of an issue
non-profitadj.B2
非营利的
a non-profit organisation
campaignn.B2
运动（公益活动）
a campaign for · an awareness campaign
povertyn.B1
贫穷
live in poverty · reduce poverty
disadvantagedadj.B2
弱势的，条件差的
disadvantaged groups · socially disadvantaged
integratev.B2
融入
integrate into society
individualn.B1
个人
an individual's choice · each individual
responsibilityn.B2
责任
take responsibility · social responsibility
opportunityn.B1
机会
equal opportunities · a great opportunity
cooperationn.B2
合作
in cooperation with · international cooperation
involvementn.B2
参与
community involvement · active involvement
commitmentn.B2
承诺、投入
a strong commitment · long-term commitment
voluntaryadj.B2
自愿的
voluntary work · on a voluntary basis
词块 / 生存短语 chunks
give back to the community回馈社区
I'm looking for a way to give back to the community.
我在寻找回馈社区的方式。
make a difference带来改变
Volunteering can really make a difference.
志愿服务真的能带来改变。
social ties社会联系
Strong social ties are important for a healthy community.
牢固的社会联系对健康的社区很重要。
sense of belonging归属感
Joining a club gives you a sense of belonging.
加入俱乐部给你一种归属感。
the greater good更大的利益
We should all work for the greater good of society.
我们都应该为社会的更大利益而努力。
play a role in在…中起作用
Everyone can play a role in improving their neighbourhood.
每个人都可以在改善社区中发挥作用。
语法 语言升级点
Expressing and countering a viewpointB2
引出对立观点，然后加以反驳或提出自己的立场
It could be argued that ...; however, ... / While it is true that ..., I believe ...
在 agree/disagree 议论文中，使用这些表达可以自然引入另一方论据，再用 however 等转折词提出自己的看法。例如：It could be argued that unpaid work may takes time away from studies; however, the skills gained are invaluable. 这种句式体现了逻辑衔接能力，是6.5分的重要指标。
例句
It could be argued that community service should be optional; however, making it compulsory ensures everyone contributes.
可能有人认为社区服务应该是自愿的；然而，将其设为必修能确保每个人都做出贡献。
While it is true that some people do voluntary work without being asked, many would not take part unless it was required.
尽管确实有些人会主动做志愿工作，但很多人除非被要求否则不会参与。
常见错误
✗ It could be argued that community service is good, however I disagree. → ✓ It could be argued that community service is good; however, I disagree.
however 是副词，不能连接两个独立的句子；应该用分号或句号，并在后面加逗号。
↑ 提分：再高一档可尝试更复杂的让步结构：Admittedly, there is some truth in the argument that ..., yet on balance ...
Cohesion and coherence devicesB2
组织观点，使文章段落衔接流畅
Firstly, ...; Secondly, ...; Furthermore, ...; In contrast, ...; As a result, ...; Therefore, ...
有效的衔接词帮助读者跟踪论证脉络。在议论文中，常用 Firstly/Secondly 列举论点，用 Furthermore 补充，用 In contrast/On the other hand 对比，用 Therefore/As a result 总结。6.5分要求衔接自然，既不能通篇简单句，也不能过度堆砌衔接词。
例句
Firstly, volunteering helps individuals develop new skills. Furthermore, it strengthens the community.
首先，志愿活动帮助个人培养新技能。此外，它还能加强社区。
Some people argue that high school students are too busy; however, with proper time management, they can still find time to help.
有人争辩说高中生太忙了；然而，通过适当的时间管理，他们仍能抽出时间帮忙。
常见错误
✗ I like volunteering. Also I like meeting new people. Also I learn a lot. → ✓ I like volunteering because I can meet new people and learn a lot.
避免重复使用同一个简单衔接词；使用 because, in addition, moreover 等更丰富的连接方式。
↑ 提分：再高一档可尝试无衔接词的连贯：代词、同义词替换、平行结构等高级手段。
阅读 Reading opinion piece
Should Community Service be Compulsory for Students?
Should community service be a requirement for all school students? This question often divides opinions. Some educational experts believe it should be part of every student's experience. They claim that being involved in activities such as helping the elderly or cleaning up parks teaches important life skills. Young people learn to understand the needs of others and develop a sense of social responsibility. On top of that, such programmes can make schools more connected with the local area.
On the other hand, not everyone agrees. Many students already have very full schedules with schoolwork and exams. Adding a compulsory activity might increase stress rather than build character. Another common argument is that forced volunteering goes against the very idea of selfless help. If someone gives their time only because they have to, is it really volunteering?
In reality, many schools have found a middle ground. They offer a range of optional activities, such as charity fundraising or helping in after-school clubs, and strongly encourage students to take part. This approach appears popular with both students and parents, as it respects individual choice while still promoting positive social values.
divides opinions引起意见分歧selfless无私的middle ground折中方案
MCQ1.What is one advantage of community service according to the first paragraph?
- A It reduces stress
- B It teaches life skills
- C It improves exam results
✅ B — 文中提到 teaches important life skills。
TFNG2.All students currently have to do community service.
✅ FALSE — 文章讨论的是应不应该强制，并未说目前已是强制；而且后文提到许多学校提供可选活动，说明非强制。
MCQ3.What reason do opponents give against compulsory service?
- A It is too expensive
- B It might increase stress
- C It is unpopular with parents
✅ B — Adding a compulsory activity might increase stress。
TFNG4.Many schools now require all students to do charity fundraising.
✅ FALSE — 文中说 they offer a range of optional activities and strongly encourage, 并非强制。
💡 技巧：议论文体阅读要抓住正反论点及其论据。先快速浏览问题，再扫读文章定位关键句。注意信号词如 On the other hand 和 In reality 来划分观点。
听力 Listening Section 2 · US
情景：社区志愿者协调员介绍一个本地志愿服务计划（Section 2 独白）
Community Coordinator
Hello, and thanks for coming. I'm here to tell you about our new neighbourhood support program, which is starting next month.
Community Coordinator
The idea is simple: we want to match volunteers with elderly people who need a little help with everyday tasks.
Community Coordinator
For example, a volunteer might go grocery shopping for someone who can't get out easily, or spend an hour chatting over a cup of tea.
Community Coordinator
Training will be provided, and you don't need any special skills—just a friendly attitude and a couple of hours each week.
Community Coordinator
If you're interested, you can register online. The website is www.neighbourhoodhelp.org. That's n-e-i-g-h-b-o-u-r-h-o-o-d-h-e-l-p dot org. We especially need people who are free on weekday mornings.
gap_fill1.The programme will start next _____.
✅ month — starting next month，这里直接填 month 即可。
gap_fill2.Volunteers need to be friendly and have ____ hours per week.
✅ a couple of / two / 2 — a couple of hours each week，答案可填 a couple of 或 two/2。
gap_fill3.Register online at www.____.org
✅ neighbourhoodhelp — 网站名，拼写为 neighbourhoodhelp。
MCQ4.When do they especially need volunteers?
- A Weekday mornings
- B Weekend afternoons
- C Evenings
✅ A — We especially need people who are free on weekday mornings.
💡 技巧：Section 2 独白可能包含网站地址等拼写题，要注意字母逐一拼读。数字、日期、简单名词是常考信息。听前预读题目预测答案类型。
写作 Writing Task 2 (essay) · 目标 250 词
Some people think that high school students should be required to do unpaid community work as part of their education. Others believe that it should be optional. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
The topic of whether high school students should take part in community work as part of their studies is a subject of debate. In my view, while it should not be a strict requirement, schools should actively encourage it.
Those who support compulsory community service have some convincing points. Firstly, such activities teach students important life skills, including teamwork and communication. For instance, helping to organise a local charity event can build confidence. In addition, being exposed to different social groups, such as the elderly or disadvantaged, makes young people more understanding and caring. It could be argued that these are lessons that cannot be taught in a regular classroom.
However, opponents raise valid concerns. Many teenagers already have very busy lives, balancing homework, exam preparation and part-time jobs. Adding a mandatory task could simply increase stress rather than benefit them. Moreover, forced volunteering may have little meaning; if someone is only helping because they must, the true spirit of giving is lost.
I believe the best approach lies in the middle. Schools could provide a range of optional activities, from environmental clean-ups to visiting care homes, and encourage participation through awards or recognition. This way, students who are interested can get involved and benefit, while those with other commitments are not unfairly pressured.
In conclusion, although the arguments for making community work compulsory are understandable, I feel that keeping it voluntary but well promoted is the most effective way to help both students and society.
逐句标注
任务“In my view, while it should not be a strict requirement, schools should actively encourage it.”开头明确表态，回应题目。
语法“It could be argued that these are lessons that cannot be taught in a regular classroom.”使用让步结构（it could be argued that），展示语法多样性。
衔接“Firstly, ... In addition, ... However, ... In conclusion”清晰的路标词组织段落，衔接自然。
词汇“environmental clean-ups, visiting care homes, commitments”使用话题相关词汇，搭配准确。
语法“keeping it voluntary but well promoted is the most effective way”宾语从句作主语，用进行时作动名词，语法复杂。
🎯 本档语言特征：四段式结构：引言—正方观点—反方观点—个人观点和结论。使用了让步、被动、名词化等B2语法，词汇丰富，衔接连贯。整篇文章接近band 7水平。
↑ 再上一档：要提高至7.5+，可加入更复杂的论证，如假设性分析（If schools were to make this a requirement, they would need to ...），以及更具批判性的措辞。
口语 Speaking
Part 1
Q: Do you often help people in your everyday life?
Yes, I try to. For instance, I help my elderly neighbour with small things like taking out her bins or buying some groceries. It doesn't take much time, but I feel it makes a difference.
💡 给出具体例子并解释感受，使用 phrase 'make a difference'。
Q: Did you do any community work when you were at school?
We had a volunteer club at my school. I helped out at a local animal shelter a few times. It was a great experience because I learned to be responsible and patient.
💡 描述过去经历，使用过去时和原因状语从句。
Part 2 · 提示卡
Describe a community activity that you have taken part in or would like to do. You should say: what the activity is, how it helps the community, who you might do it with, and explain why you think it is valuable.
A community activity that I would really like to try is tree planting. In my neighbourhood, there are not many green spaces, so I think it would be very valuable. Planting trees helps the environment in many ways: they provide shade, clean the air, and make the area look more attractive. I would probably do it with a group of friends or maybe join a local environmental group. I believe it's important because taking care of our surroundings is everyone's responsibility. Plus, it's a hands-on activity that brings people together and leaves a lasting result. Even if we only plant a few trees, it can really make a difference to the look of the neighbourhood. I hope I can organise something like that soon.
💡 四点全覆盖；使用了条件句、原因状语、连接词等；语言适合B2水平。
Part 3
Q: Why do some people choose to do volunteer work?
I think the reasons vary. Many people volunteer because they want to give back to their community and help those in need. For others, it's a way to meet new people and learn new skills. Some may also do it because it looks good on their CV, which is fair enough—everyone benefits.
💡 提供多种原因，使用 because, for others, some may also 等结构展开。
Q: Do you think young people today are more or less involved in community activities than in the past?
It's hard to say for sure, but I think young people are still involved, just in different ways. In the past, activities were more local, like youth clubs. Nowadays, many teenagers are active online, raising awareness about issues like climate change. So the involvement might be there, but the form has changed.
💡 使用比较和对比的表达，in the past/nowadays，表明观点。
高频短语
give back to the community — 回馈社区
make a difference — 带来改变
raise awareness about — 提高对……的意识
应试策略
6.5 分的 agree/disagree 议论文关键在于清晰的结构和充分的论证。开篇明确立场，主体段落至少平衡展开双方观点，结论重申观点。使用让步和转折句式展示语言灵活性。段落之间用衔接词流畅过渡。
本档提分建议
从6.5到7.5：增加观点的深度和具体性，避免泛泛而谈；灵活使用条件句、被动语态和名词化；减少小错，尤其是复杂句中的时态和主谓一致。