advertisementn.B1
广告（简称ad）
a newspaper advertisement · an advertisement for
I saw an advertisement for the new smartphone.
我看到了那款新智能手机的广告。
学完能做到
- 谈论广告的影响
- 转述别人的观点
词汇 core 13 · expansion 16 · chunks 4
核心词 core
advertisev.B2
做广告，登广告
advertise a product · advertise on TV
Companies advertise their products to reach more customers.
公司为产品做广告以接触更多消费者。
commercialn.B2
电视/电台广告
a TV commercial · a car commercial
The commercial was very funny and memorable.
那个广告很有趣，让人印象深刻。
campaignn.B2
广告活动，宣传活动
an advertising campaign · launch a campaign
The company launched a new campaign on social media.
公司在社交媒体上发起了新的广告活动。
promotev.B2
推广，促销
promote a new product · promote through influencers
They promoted the event with posters around the city.
他们在城里到处贴海报推广这次活动。
consumern.B2
消费者
consumer rights · target consumers
Adverts try to attract consumers' attention.
广告试图吸引消费者的注意力。
influencev./n.B1
影响
influence people's choices · a strong influence
Advertising can influence what we buy.
广告会影响我们买什么。
slogann.B2
广告语，口号
a catchy slogan · a famous slogan
The slogan 'Just Do It' is known all over the world.
「Just Do It」这句口号全球闻名。
broadcastv./n.B2
广播，播放
broadcast a programme · a live broadcast
The match was broadcast live on television.
这场比赛在电视上现场直播。
targetv./n.B1
以...为目标；目标
target audience · target young people
The ad is designed to target teenagers.
这则广告旨在针对青少年。
misleadingadj.B2
误导的
misleading advertising · misleading information
Some adverts are misleading and should be banned.
有些广告是误导性的，应该被禁止。
claimv./n.B1
宣称，声称
make a claim · claim that
The advert claims the cream removes wrinkles in days.
广告声称这种面霜几天内就能祛皱。
sponsorv./n.B2
赞助；赞助商
sponsor an event · a major sponsor
The programme was sponsored by a mobile phone company.
这个节目是由一家手机公司赞助的。
扩展词库 expansion
endorsev.B2
代言，公开支持
endorse a product · celebrity endorsement
visualadj.B2
视觉的
visual effects · visual appeal
catchyadj.B2
朗朗上口的，易记的
a catchy tune · a catchy phrase
persuasiveadj.B2
有说服力的
persuasive language · a persuasive advert
digitallyadv.B1
数字地，以数字方式
digitally enhanced · digitally altered
publicityn.B2
宣传，报道
generate publicity · publicity stunt
editorialadj./n.B2
社论的；社论
an editorial team · an editorial decision
brandn.B1
品牌
brand image · loyal to the brand
mediumn.B1
媒介，媒体
advertising medium · social media
circulationn.B2
发行量
newspaper circulation · falling circulation
audiencen.B1
受众，观众/听众/读者
target audience · wide audience
subscriptionn.B1
订阅，订购
monthly subscription · cancel the subscription
trendyadj.B1
时髦的
trendy clothes · trendy among teenagers
credibleadj.B2
可信的
credible source · credible information
manipulatev.B2
操纵，摆布
manipulate consumers · manipulate public opinion
streamingn.B1
流媒体播放
streaming service · live streaming
词块 / 生存短语 chunks
target audience目标受众
The target audience for this advert is young women.
这则广告的目标受众是年轻女性。
word of mouth口碑，口头传播
We got most of our customers through word of mouth.
我们大多数客户是通过口碑来的。
call to action行动呼吁（广告中催促点击/购买的语句）
The advert ends with a call to action: 'Buy now and save 20%'.
广告以行动呼吁结尾：立即购买，立省20%。
brand awareness品牌知名度
Social media can help increase brand awareness.
社交媒体可以帮助提高品牌知名度。
语法 语言升级点
Reported speech – say / claim + that clauseB1
转述别人说过的话或观点
主句（动词过去式）+ that + 宾语从句；从句时态常后退（present→past, will→would 等）
转述广告内容或别人的看法时，我们常用 said that ... 或 claimed that ...。注意如果主句是过去式，从句时态要相应后移。例如：广告说 a cream removes wrinkles → The advert said that the cream removed wrinkles。claimed that 带有「声称」的意味，可表达怀疑。
例句
The company said that the product was safe and effective.
公司说这个产品安全有效。
She claimed that the course had changed her life.
她声称这门课改变了她的生活。
常见错误
✗ The advert said that the cream works in days. → ✓ The advert said that the cream worked in days.
主句过去式，从句要用过去式 worked。
✗ He claimed me that it was a bargain. → ✓ He claimed that it was a bargain.
claim 后直接接 that 从句，不加 me。
↑ 提分：再高一档可使用 insisted / suggested / warned 等更多样的转述动词，或非直接转述（如 He denied having done anything wrong）。
Passive reporting – It is said that ...B2
以客观口吻转述普遍观点或信息，不指明来源
It is + 过去分词（said, believed, reported 等）+ that 从句
在讨论广告或媒体影响时，如果不想指明是谁说的，可以用 It is said that ... 或 It is believed that ...。注意这类结构本身就是被动，常跟 that 从句，从句的时态可根据实际情况使用。
例句
It is said that advertising creates false needs.
据说广告制造虚假需求。
It is reported that many young people trust influencers more than traditional ads.
据报道，很多年轻人更信任网红而非传统广告。
常见错误
✗ It says that the product is good. → ✓ It is said (that) the product is good.
要用被动语态 It is said，而不是主动的 it says。
✗ It is believed that the earth is round in ancient times. → ✓ It was believed that the earth was flat in ancient times.
过去的情况要用过去式 was believed，从句时态后移。
↑ 提分：再高一档可用 It has been suggested that ... 或 There is a widespread belief that ... 等更复杂的被动报道结构。
阅读 Reading general interest
The Power of Advertising
Advertising is everywhere these days. We see it on television, on social media, on buses, and even on our phones. But how much does it really influence us?
Some people believe that advertising gives us useful information about new products and helps us choose what to buy. For example, if you are looking for a smartphone, you might compare different adverts to see which one has the features you need. Advertising can also support free services like search engines and social media platforms.
However, many people worry that advertising can be misleading. Sometimes adverts make the product look better than it really is, or they use images that are not realistic. For instance, a food advert might show a burger that looks perfect, but when you buy it, it looks completely different. In some countries, there are rules about what advertisers can say, but these rules are not always strict enough.
One of the biggest changes in recent years is the rise of digital advertising. Companies can now target adverts very precisely. They use data about your online habits to show you adverts that they think you will be interested in. Some people find this helpful, but others think it is an invasion of privacy.
Research suggests that children are particularly influenced by adverts, especially those on TV and YouTube. This has led to calls for stronger regulations on advertising aimed at young people.
invasion of privacy侵犯隐私precisely精确地regulations法规，管制
TFNG1.Some individuals think advertising is helpful for consumers.
✅ TRUE — 第二段说 Some people believe that advertising gives us useful information，所以是对的。
TFNG2.All countries have strict rules to control misleading advertisements.
✅ FALSE — 第三段末尾说 these rules are not always strict enough，所以不是所有国家都有严格规则。
MCQ3.How does digital advertising target consumers?
- A By asking them to fill in a form
- B By using their online activity data
- C By showing the same ad to everyone
✅ B — 第四段说 They use data about your online habits to show you adverts。
gap_fill4.Some people are concerned that personalised advertising is an ______ of privacy.
✅ invasion — 第四段最后 invasion of privacy。
gap_fill5.According to research, ______ are more easily affected by adverts.
✅ children — 最后一段 children are particularly influenced。
💡 技巧：一般趣味文章常包含不同观点和趋势变化。读的时候注意像 However, One of the biggest changes 这样的信号词，它们会引出转折或新信息。做TFNG题时，要区分 FALSE（与原文矛盾）和 NOT GIVEN（没提到）。
听力 Listening Section 3 · UK
情景：两个媒体专业的学生讨论他们关于广告效果的课题报告（Section 3 学术讨论）
Tutor
So, Lisa and Mike, tell me about your project on advertising effectiveness.
Lisa
Well, we looked at how adverts influence teenagers. We found that social media influencers have a huge impact.
Mike
Yeah, especially when the influencer is someone they follow regularly. They trust them more than traditional ads.
Tutor
Interesting. Did you focus on any particular type of product?
Lisa
We chose fashion and skincare, because those are the most common areas where influencers promote products.
Mike
Lisa said that many teenagers had bought something just because an influencer recommended it.
Tutor
That's a strong argument. Did they mention any negative effects?
Lisa
Yes, some admitted feeling pressure to buy things they didn't really need, just to fit in.
Mike
We also discovered that many teenagers didn't know that influencers were being paid to promote products. They thought it was just personal recommendation.
Tutor
That's a key point. So generally, your research supports the idea that influencer marketing is powerful but also potentially misleading?
Lisa
Exactly. It is said that regulations should be much stricter, especially for content aimed at young people.
MCQ1.What is the main focus of Lisa and Mike's project?
- A The history of advertising
- B The influence of TV ads
- C The effect of influencer marketing on teenagers
✅ C — 对话开头说 looked at how adverts influence teenagers，后面集中在 social media influencers。
gap_fill2.Lisa and Mike studied influencers in the areas of fashion and ________.
✅ skincare — Lisa: We chose fashion and skincare.
TFNG3.Mike reported that teens never buy things because of influencers.
✅ FALSE — Mike 说 many teenagers had bought something just because an influencer recommended it，所以是错的。
MCQ4.What negative effect did the students discover?
- A Teenagers often wasted money
- B Teenagers felt pressured to buy unnecessary things
- C Teenagers stopped watching TV
✅ B — Lisa: some admitted feeling pressure to buy things they didn't really need。
gap_fill5.Many teenagers did not realise that influencers were _______ to promote products.
✅ paid — 对话中 ...didn't know that influencers were being paid to promote products。
💡 技巧：Section 3 常常出现学生转述研究发现，要注意 like（引述原文）和 reported that 这样的转述结构。填空题要听准名词或形容词，比如 fashion 后面紧接着是 skincare。
写作 Writing Task 1 (letter)（semi-formal） · 目标 160 词
You have seen an advertisement in a local newspaper that you believe is misleading. Write a letter to the editor of the newspaper. In your letter: - describe the advertisement and where you saw it - explain why you think it is misleading - suggest what the newspaper should do about it.
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to express my concern about an advertisement that appeared in your newspaper last Tuesday. It was for a new anti-wrinkle cream called 'YouthGlow'. The ad claimed that users would see a visible reduction in wrinkles within just three days of using the product.
I believe this is misleading because it is very unlikely that any cream can produce such fast results. I have asked several friends who work in the cosmetics industry, and they all said that products like this need at least a few weeks to show any effect. Moreover, the photo in the advertisement seemed to be digitally altered, which makes the claim even less credible.
As a regular reader of your newspaper, I would like to suggest that you check the information in the ad before you agree to print it. If the claim is false, I think you should print a correction or refuse to run similar advertisements in the future. It is important to protect consumers from false advertising.
I hope you will take my complaint seriously and look into this matter.
Yours faithfully,
Daniel Roberts
逐句标注
任务“I am writing to express my concern about an advertisement”半正式信函标准开头，清晰说明写信目的。
语法“The ad claimed that users would see a visible reduction”正确使用 reported speech，主句过去式，从句用 would。
语法“they all said that products like this need at least a few weeks”转述多个人的话，使用 said that，注意 need 保持一般现在时因为陈述普遍事实。
衔接“If the claim is false, I think you should print a correction”一类条件句提出建议，逻辑清晰。
任务“Yours faithfully”开头 Dear Sir or Madam 对应结尾 Yours faithfully，格式正确。
🎯 本档语言特征：书信结构完整，三个要点全部覆盖。使用了转述话语的语法点（claimed that, said that），以及一类条件句。词汇恰当（misleading, credible, digitally altered）。语气半正式且得体。全文约170词，达到要求。整体≈band6。
↑ 再上一档：再往上一档：可增加更丰富的句型，如非限定性关系从句（e.g. '...which is a common trick among advertisers'）；使用更精准的词汇如 exaggerated 或 unsubstantiated 代替 misleading；段落间可加更多衔接词（furthermore, not only...but also...）。
口语 Speaking
Part 1
Q: Do you often see advertisements?
Yes, I see them all the time. On my phone, on YouTube, and even in the street. I think I'm very used to them now.
💡 直接回答 + 列举地方 + 简单看法，展现词汇 like used to。
Q: What kind of advertisements do you find most annoying?
I really dislike pop-up adverts on websites. They interrupt what I'm doing and are very difficult to close. Sometimes they also take up the whole screen.
💡 具体说出不喜欢的类型，用 dislike 和例子补充。
Q: Do you think advertising influences your buying decisions?
To be honest, yes. For example, if I see an advert for a film that looks exciting, I might decide to watch it. But I try not to buy things just because of an advert.
💡 承认影响但有所保留，用 if 条件句举例。
Part 2 · 提示卡
Describe an advertisement that you remember well. You should say: what it was for; where you saw or heard it; what it was like; and explain why you remember it so well.
I'd like to talk about an advert I saw on TV a few years ago. It was for a soft drink, and it showed a group of young people having fun at a beach party. The colours were very bright, and the music was really catchy – it stayed in my head for weeks. The slogan was 'Open Happiness', which I thought was very clever. I remember it because it made me feel happy every time I watched it. Even now, if I hear that tune, I immediately think of the product. It is said that a good advert creates an emotional connection, and that certainly happened with this one.
💡 描述了产品、场景、音乐和口号，最后用 why 部分深入解释，并使用了 It is said that 来总结。
Part 3
Q: Why do you think some adverts are more memorable than others?
I believe it's because they connect with our emotions. For instance, if an advert tells a heart-warming story or makes us laugh, we are more likely to remember it. Also, if it has a catchy song or a simple slogan, it can stay in our minds for years.
💡 给出两点原因，使用 if 从句举例，自然展开。
Q: Do you think advertising should be more tightly controlled?
Yes, to some extent. Adverts aimed at children are a particular concern because young people are easily influenced. It is said that some ads try to make children want things they don't need. So I think there should be stricter rules, especially for food and toys.
💡 表达同意，用 to some extent 限制程度，引述普遍观点 It is said，并给出具体原因。
高频短语
It is said that ... — 转述普遍观点，用于Part3讨论
To be honest, ... — Part1 坦诚表达
To some extent, ... — Part3 委婉表达同意
应试策略
本课重点练习转述观点，这在写作Task1投诉信和口语Part3中都常用。尝试用 said that 和 claimed that 替换简单的 say，用 It is said that 避免个人观点太强。阅读和听力中注意转述句，它们是考点。
本档提分建议
从5.5到6.5：① 写作中至少使用一次被动报道结构，展示语法范围；② 口语Part3使用 It is said that ... 或 Some people argue that ... 来介绍观点；③ 词汇方面避免重复使用 advert，可换用 commercial, campaign, promotion 等话题词。