friendlyadj.A2
友好的
a friendly smile · very friendly
My new neighbour is very friendly and always says hello.
我的新邻居非常友好，总是打招呼。
学完能做到
- 用定语从句描述人
- 谈过去的习惯
词汇 core 13 · expansion 16 · chunks 4
核心词 core
kindadj.A2
善良的
a kind person · kind to animals
She is one of the kindest people I know.
她是我认识的最善良的人之一。
outgoingadj.B1
外向的
an outgoing personality · very outgoing
My brother is quite outgoing and loves meeting new people.
我哥哥相当外向，喜欢结识新朋友。
shyadj.A2
害羞的
too shy to speak · shy person
When I was a child, I used to be very shy.
我小时候非常害羞。
confidentadj.B1
自信的
feel confident · confident about
After practising a lot, she became more confident.
经过大量练习，她变得更自信了。
reliableadj.B1
可靠的
a reliable friend · reliable information
He is a reliable colleague who always finishes work on time.
他是个可靠的同事，总是按时完成工作。
patientadj.B1
有耐心的
be patient with · patient teacher
My grandmother is very patient with children.
我祖母对孩子非常有耐心。
generousadj.B1
慷慨的
generous person · generous with time
He is very generous and often buys gifts for his friends.
他非常慷慨，经常给朋友买礼物。
humorousadj.B2
幽默的
a humorous person · humorous story
My uncle is a humorous man who always makes us laugh.
我叔叔是个幽默的人，总能把我们逗笑。
intelligentadj.B1
聪明的，有才智的
an intelligent student · highly intelligent
She is an intelligent woman who speaks three languages.
她是个聪明的女人，会说三种语言。
honestadj.B1
诚实的
an honest person · to be honest
I appreciate honest friends who tell the truth.
我欣赏说实话的诚实朋友。
independentadj.B1
独立的
financially independent · independent person
My sister is very independent and lives alone.
我妹妹非常独立，一个人住。
organisedadj.B1
有条理的
well-organised · an organised person
He is very organised and always plans everything in advance.
他非常有条理，总是提前计划好一切。
扩展词库 expansion
cheerfuladj.B1
高兴的，欢乐的
a cheerful smile
talkativeadj.B1
健谈的
a talkative person
quietadj.A2
安静的
a quiet person
seriousadj.B1
严肃的
a serious person · serious about
politeadj.A2
有礼貌的
polite to others
lazyadj.A2
懒惰的
a lazy person
creativeadj.A2
有创造力的
a creative person
ambitiousadj.B1
有抱负的
an ambitious person
caringadj.B1
关心他人的
a caring person
sense of humourn. phr.B1
幽默感
a good sense of humour
personalityn.A2
性格
a strong personality
appearancen.A2
外貌
physical appearance
middle-agedadj.B1
中年的
a middle-aged man
slimadj.A2
苗条的
a slim figure
elderlyadj.B1
年长的
an elderly lady
wavyadj.B1
卷曲的（头发）
wavy hair
词块 / 生存短语 chunks
get along with与…相处融洽
I get along well with my new flatmate.
我和新室友相处融洽。
a sense of humour幽默感
He has a great sense of humour and always makes me laugh.
他很有幽默感，总是逗我笑。
keep in touch保持联系
Even after moving away, we still keep in touch.
即使搬走了，我们仍保持联系。
get on someone's nerves惹某人心烦
His constant complaining gets on my nerves.
他没完没了的抱怨让我心烦。
语法 语言升级点
Defining relative clauses (who / that / whose)B1
明确说明是哪一个或哪一种人
名词 + who（指人）/ that（指人/物）/ whose（…的）+ 从句
限定性关系从句用来确定所说的是哪个人。描述人物时常用 who 或 that 指人，whose 表示「…的」。不能说成两个简单句，这样可以更紧凑。
例句
A colleague who works in the next office is very helpful.
隔壁办公室的一位同事非常乐于助人。
I have a friend whose brother is a musician.
我有个朋友，他哥哥是个音乐家。
The man that I met yesterday is an old schoolmate.
我昨天遇到的那个人是老同学。
常见错误
✗ The person which helped me was kind. → ✓ The person who helped me was kind.
指人用 who/that，不用 which。
↑ 提分：再高一档，可用非限定性关系从句（..., who is very kind）补充额外信息，并用介词+which/whom结构（the person with whom I work）。
Used to / would (for past habits)B1+
谈论过去的习惯或长期状态，现在已不如此
used to + 动词原形；would + 动词原形（只用于过去习惯，常用于叙事）
描述某人过去常做某事或过去的状态用 used to；would 也可以用于过去的习惯动作（不用于状态），常出现在讲故事中。注意 used to 的否定和疑问形式。
例句
My grandfather used to tell me stories every night.
我爷爷过去每晚都给我讲故事。
When I was young, I would spend hours playing outside.
小时候，我常常在外面玩好几个小时。
She didn't use to be so outgoing.
她以前没那么外向。
常见错误
✗ I used to would go there. → ✓ I used to go there.
used to 和 would 不能连用，选一个即可。
↑ 提分：高分段考生会在口语中自然交替使用 used to 和 would，并添加时间状语如 every summer / whenever I stayed at my aunt's。
阅读 Reading profile
Staff Member of the Month
MEET SARA – OUR STAFF MEMBER OF THE MONTH
Sara Jenkins has worked at our city library for three years. She began as a part-time assistant and now manages the children's section. Sara is known for her patience and creativity. She organises weekly reading clubs for young readers and helps visiting school groups.
Her colleagues describe Sara as a reliable and friendly team member. 'She is always ready to help others and rarely gets stressed,' says the library manager. Outside work, Sara enjoys hiking and painting. She used to teach art classes at a community centre before moving to this city.
Sara's personality makes her a perfect fit for her role. She has a natural ability to connect with children, who often return just to see her. Her warm smile and sense of humour create a welcoming atmosphere. Many parents have written to thank her for encouraging their children to read.
part-time assistant兼职助理community centre社区中心welcoming atmosphere受欢迎的氛围
TFNG1.Sara has worked at the library for less than two years.
✅ FALSE — 文中说 Sara has worked at our city library for three years，所以不是少于两年。
MCQ2.What does Sara's manager say about her?
- A She often gets stressed.
- B She is always ready to help.
- C She used to teach art.
✅ B — 经理说 She is always ready to help others。注意C是Sara的经历，不是经理说的。
gap_fill3.Sara used to teach art at a ___ before moving.
✅ community centre — 原文：She used to teach art classes at a community centre。
gap_fill4.Children often come back just to see ___.
✅ her — 文中 who often return just to see her，指Sara。
TFNG5.Sara has received letters from parents thanking her.
✅ TRUE — 最后一句 Many parents have written to thank her。
💡 技巧：人物简介类文章常包含事实细节和个人评价。注意区分不同人说的话；直接引语和间接引语可能成为考点。TFNG题关注时间、数量对比；填空题定位原词或同义替换。
听力 Listening Section 2 · US
情景：一位人事经理在介绍新同事给团队（Section 2 独白）
Manager
Good morning, everyone. I'd like to introduce our new team member, Alex Turner, who will be joining the marketing department.
Manager
Alex has worked in advertising for over ten years, so he brings a lot of experience. He used to run his own small business, which gave him great organisational skills.
Manager
On a personal level, Alex is a friendly and outgoing person. He enjoys team sports and used to play basketball in college.
Manager
He's also very reliable – his previous boss said she could always count on him to meet deadlines.
Manager
Alex will be sitting in the office next to the lift, so please go and say hello when you have a moment. I'm sure you'll get along with him.
Manager
He starts next Monday, so let's give him a warm welcome.
gap_fill1.Alex has worked in advertising for more than ___ years.
✅ ten — 原文 over ten years。
MCQ2.What did Alex use to do?
- A He used to play football.
- B He used to teach at a college.
- C He used to play basketball.
✅ C — used to play basketball in college。
matching3.Match the adjectives to what Alex is described as: friendly, reliable, outgoing.
- He enjoys team sports and meeting people.
- His previous boss could always depend on him.
✅ friendly + outgoing: He enjoys team sports and meeting people; reliable: His previous boss could always depend on him. — 文中 friendly and outgoing 和 enjoys team sports 对应；reliable 对应 count on him。
gap_fill4.Alex's new office is near the ___.
✅ lift — next to the lift。
💡 技巧：Section 2 的独白常包含人物介绍，注意听数字（年限）、过去经历（used to）和人物特质形容词。匹配题要抓住同义表达：count on = depend on; get along with = have a good relationship。
写作 Writing Task 1 (letter)（informal） · 目标 160 词
You have a new flatmate who moved in last month. Write a letter to a friend about this person. In your letter: - describe your new flatmate's appearance and personality - say what you like or dislike about living with them - suggest meeting up with your friend and the flatmate.
Dear Sarah,
How are you? Hope you're enjoying the summer. I'm writing to tell you about my new flatmate, Anna, who moved in last month. She's a tall, slim woman with wavy brown hair and a really kind smile.
Anna is one of the friendliest people I've ever met. She's very talkative and loves cooking, so the kitchen is always full of delicious smells. We spend a lot of time chatting in the evenings, and I feel I can be completely honest with her. I also like that she's very organised – the flat has never been tidier! The only thing that sometimes gets on my nerves is that she sings in the shower very early in the morning!
I think you'd get along with her really well because you have a similar sense of humour. Why don't you come over for dinner next Friday? I'll ask Anna to cook her special pasta.
Let me know if you can make it.
Take care,
Emma
逐句标注
语法“who moved in last month”定语从句，准确限定是新搬来的室友。
词汇“Anna is one of the friendliest people I've ever met.”最高级与现在完成时结合，表达个人经历。
衔接“I also like that she's very organised – the flat has never been tidier!”对比结构，连接自然，突出优点。
词汇“gets on my nerves”习语，地道表达小小的不满。
任务“Why don't you come over for dinner next Friday?”非正式提议，符合信件目的和语气。
🎯 本档语言特征：书信格式正确，语气亲切自然。运用了定语从句、最高级、习语和现在完成时。连接词使用得当，覆盖三个要点，段落清晰。语言有少量B1+特征，整体约band 6水平。
↑ 再上一档：可增加一两个更复杂的结构（如非限定性从句…, who is also a football fan, ）或使用过去习惯的表达（she used to live…），使语法多样性更高。
口语 Speaking
Part 1
Q: Do you have a large family?
Not really. I have one older sister and my parents. My sister and I are quite close, and we talk every day even though she lives in another city.
💡 简短回答后补充细节，使用even though连接。
Q: Who is your best friend?
My best friend is Lisa, who I've known since primary school. She is a very outgoing person, and we share a similar sense of humour. We used to walk to school together every day.
💡 定语从句+used to，展现语法。
Part 2 · 提示卡
Describe a person you admire. You should say: who this person is; how you know them; what they are like; and explain why you admire them.
I'd like to talk about my grandfather, who has always been a huge inspiration to me. I've known him, of course, since I was born. He is a retired teacher, and he is one of the most patient and intelligent people I know. When I was a child, he used to help me with my homework every day without getting annoyed, even when I made the same mistakes again and again. He is also very humorous and can make anyone laugh with his stories. I admire him because he has dedicated his whole life to education, and he still volunteers at a local school even though he's in his seventies. His kindness and dedication have taught me the importance of helping others.
💡 使用定语从句、最高级、used to、连接词等，结构清晰，结尾总结。
Part 3
Q: What qualities make a good teacher?
I believe patience is the most important quality. A good teacher is someone who can explain things many times without losing their temper. They also need to be knowledgeable and creative to keep students interested. My grandfather, for instance, used to tell us stories to help us remember facts.
💡 观点清晰，举例并使用used to。
Q: Do you think people's personality changes as they get older?
Yes, to some extent. When people are young, they might be very shy or impulsive. As they get older, they often become more confident and calm. However, I think the core of a person's personality stays the same. For example, my mother used to be quite shy, but now she's very talkative, but she's still a very kind person at heart.
💡 辩证回答，对比过去与现在，使用used to。
高频短语
one of the (most)... people I know — 用于描述人的特质并表达程度
used to (do) — 表达过去的习惯
get along with — 描述相处融洽
应试策略
描述人物时，5.5分考生要确保使用至少一个定语从句和used to结构。口语Part 2可以先想好一个熟悉的人物，提前准备典型形容词。写作信件注意非正式语气，可使用缩写和口语表达，但不要忘记分段。
本档提分建议
从5.5到6.5的提升技巧：①在描述人物时切换使用who/that/whose，并尝试加入一个非限定性从句；②交替使用used to和would讲述过去的故事；③避免重复使用nice/good，学习更精确的形容词如outgoing, reliable, generous；④在口语中增加because和however等连接词，扩展每个回答。